If we are writing books it is pretty clear that we have to cite our references. It is clear that if the book is aimed at the general public it is more useful to use numbers as references and use one big bibliography at the end of the book. Hence, we do not disturb the reading experience of our readers since only a few of them are likely to be interested in the references. But how to implement bibliographies for books covering science and engineering?

In science and engineering our readers are (hopefully) interested by whom things were made we cite as well as in the original publication. Therefore, it is not very useful to use numbers and then the journey begins to find the original authors in a big list. Numbers reduce the search effort but it is not directly clear from whom it is and our readers would have to scroll through the book. Using chaper-wise references reduced the scrolling through the book and relocating the section our readers were reading it. The disadvantage is that the same source might be cited in multiple chapters and therefore requires multiple additional pages. As long as we are publishing as a pdf or .epub only this does not matter but once it gets printed we may have to face page limitations by publishers or printing services.

Let us assume that we can use chapter-wise references. The only feasible way to write books for science and engineering is to use LaTeX to avoid useless post-writing formatting. Using chapter-wise references with LaTeX is straight forward. Each part that should get its own references is capsuled by using \begin{refsection} ... \end{refsection}:

\begin{refsection}
\chapter{some title}
% ....... %
% content %
% ....... %

% create section called "references" (not added to TOC) %
    \printbibliography[heading=subbibliography] % using BibLaTeX
\end{refsection}
\begin{refsection}
\chapter{some title}
% ....... %
% content %
% ....... %

% create a new (unnumbered) bibliography chapter (not added to TOC) %
    \printbibliography % using BibLaTeX
\end{refsection}